Theological virtue is the associated virtue in Christian theology and philosophy with salvation resulting from God's grace. Virtue is a trait or quality that discards a person to do oneself in a morally good way. Traditionally they have been named Faith, Hope, and Charity, and can trace their importance in Christian theology to the Apostle Paul in 1 Corinthians 13, which also shows that charity is the most important.
The medieval Catholic Philosophist Thomas Aquinas explains that these virtues are called theological virtues "because they have the Lord for their object, as far as they are rightly directed to Him, and because they are put into our souls by God Himself, finally, because we only know them through divine revelation in the Bible. "
Video Theological virtues
Teologi moral
One receives theological virtue through their "infusion" - through divine grace - to that person. Theological virtues are so named because their object is a divine being (theos).
- Faith is the infused goodness, whereby the intellect, by the movement of the will, approves the supernatural truths of Revelation, not on the motive of intrinsic evidence, but on the sole basis of God's authority which never fails to be revealed. According to Hugh Pope "[W] hat that God says is very credible, though not always very understandable to us." The First Vatican Council (III, iii) states that "faith is a supernatural virtue through which we are inspired and graciously assisted by God, believing these things to be true that He has revealed... even though the agreement of faith is in no feeling blind, but no one can approve the teaching of the gospel in the manner necessary for salvation without the illumination of the Holy Spirit... "This is a haphazard gift from God.
- Hope is defined as the good which the Devil infused, acting on the will, with which one believes, with belief based on divine help, to attain eternal life. The opposite is the sin of despair.
- Amal is a divinely inculcated goodness, inclining the human will to honor God for himself above all else, and man for God's sake. To love God means to hope for all the glory, the good, and the effort, as far as it can be, to get it for Him. John 14:23 notes the unique feature of reciprocity that makes charity a true friendship with God. "Whoever loves me will keep my promise, and my Father will love him, and we will come to him and live with him." Lack of love can provide a place for hatred, wrath or indifference.
Maps Theological virtues
1 Corinthians 13
The first mention of the Christian literature of the three theological virtues is in the first letter of St. Paul to Thessalonians 1: 3, "... reminding the work of your faith and the work of love and endurance in the hope..." He then refers to these three goodwill again, "But since we are today, let us know, faith and love and helmet are hope for salvation. "
In 1 Corinthians 13, Paul places greater emphasis on Love (Love). "So faith, hope, love persists, these three, but the greatest is love." First, because he told the other two: "He bears everything, believes all things, hopes all things, endures all things." Secondly, from a temporal perspective, love takes place, while "Hope does not hope if the object is seen", and faith gives way to ownership.
Aquinas
Aquinas finds the linkage of practical wisdom (prudentia ) and moral virtues (eg courage without risk of prudence being mere ignorance). This is often called "Unity of Virtue."
Aquinas declares that theological virtues are called "because they have God for their objects, both to the extent that by righteousness we are directed to Him, and because they are put into our souls by God Himself, as well, finally, because we only know them by revelation Divine in Scripture ".
In his treatment of virtue, Aquinas perceives the theological virtue as a result of the customary grace. According to Aquinas, this grace, through theological virtues, allows humanity to be agents in a meritorious act that is beyond their own natural abilities. This way is supernatural.
Aquinas says, "Faith has a virtue, not because of things it believes, because faith is things that do not arise, but because it holds the testimony of a person whose truth can not be found." (De Veritate, xiv, 8)
Aquinas further attributes theological virtues to the cardinal virtues. He sees the supernatural tendencies of the theological virtues, caused by habitual habits, to find their fulfillment in acting in cardinal virtues.
Comparison of Cardinal and Theological Values ​​
Moral virtues come with practice and practice. Catholic moral theology holds that theological virtues differ from the cardinal goodness because they can not be obtained by human effort, but infused by God into a person. Like the ultimate virtue, an individual who performs this virtue reinforces and enhances it, that is, they are more likely to practice it.
Following St. Augustine, Aquinas also recognizes the separate but related types of moral virtues that are also infused by God. The difference lies in the source and finally. The moral virtues of simplicity recognize food as a life-sustaining good, but guard against the sin of greed. The impregnated the virtue of simplicity throws the individual to practice fasting and abstinence. The embedded moral goodness is connected with the theological virtue of Charity.
Pope Benedict XVI wrote three encyclicals of theological virtues: Deus caritas est (about love), Spe salvi (about hope), and Lumen fidei about faith: this encyclical was written by Pope Benedict XVI and by Pope Francis).
See also
- Cardinal virtue
- Seven deadly sins (cardinal sin)
- Seven virtues
- Christian Ethics
References
Ã, This article incorporates text from publications now in the public domain: Ã, Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Virtue". Catholic Encyclopedia . New York: Robert Appleton.
Further reading
- Paradise Restored: Social Ethics Francis of Assisi, A Commentary on "Respecting Virtue" Francis, , by Jan Hoebrichts, Franciscan Institute Publications, 2004. ISBN 978-0- 8199-1008 -0.
External links
- The Virtues - Catechism of the Catholic Church
- The Celestial, Celestial, and Cardinal Benefits
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